Queen Kubaba (2400B.C) was the first female ruler in all of history, she ruled in Mesopotamia 500 years before the first female pharaoh, 2,300 years before Cleopatra, and 3,900 years before Queen Elizabeth.

Kubaba, 2024

FIRE, WATERCOLOUR, INK, WAX, TIMBER
61.5 x 61.5 x 3 cm

Unlike her contemporaries, Kubaba was born from humble origins, she was “the people’s queen”, a well-respected, beloved queen that had a successfully long reign characterised by a period of peace and prosperity. She ruled the city of Kish (Babil, Iraq) as a queen regnant, meaning she held power in her own right, not through a male relative. Kubaba is listed as Lugal (king) in the Sumerian King List, rather than Eresh (queen consort), making her the only woman to bear this title.

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Crisis Accommodation, 2014

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Subdivision, 2014